English Civil War

The English Civil War (1642-1651) was a conflict between supporters of King Charles I and those who wanted more power for Parliament. Tensions arose over issues like taxation, governance, and religious freedoms. The war saw various battles and significant figures, such as Oliver Cromwell, emerge. Ultimately, Parliament's forces, known as the Roundheads, defeated the royalists, leading to the king's execution in 1649 and the establishment of the Commonwealth, a republican form of government. The war profoundly changed England's political landscape, laying the groundwork for a constitutional monarchy and influencing future democratic developments.