Cromwellian military reforms

Cromwellian military reforms, implemented during the English Civil War (1642-1651) under Oliver Cromwell, transformed the English army. Cromwell established the New Model Army, emphasizing efficiency, discipline, and merit-based leadership over traditional aristocratic appointments. He introduced training regimens and tactics that improved mobility and firepower, using a mix of infantry, cavalry, and artillery. This approach fostered a sense of unity and purpose among soldiers, leading to greater effectiveness in battle. These reforms significantly influenced modern military organization and operational strategies, emphasizing professionalism and robust command structures.