Scholasticism

Scholasticism was a medieval philosophical and theological movement that sought to reconcile faith and reason. It emerged in the 12th century and was characterized by a method of rigorous dialectical reasoning, often involving debates on complex issues. Scholastics, like Thomas Aquinas, aimed to systematically organize and understand Christian doctrine using the logic of classical philosophy, especially the works of Aristotle. This approach emphasized critical thinking, clear definitions, and the resolution of contradictions, significantly influencing medieval education and shaping Western thought by integrating faith with rational inquiry. It remained foundational in the development of theology and philosophy.