Socrates

Socrates was a foundational figure in Western philosophy known for his method of questioning, which encouraged critical thinking and self-examination. In metaphysics, he explored the nature of reality and the self. In epistemology, he emphasized the importance of knowledge and understanding, famously stating that "the unexamined life is not worth living." Ethically, he sought to define virtues like justice and goodness, believing that knowledge leads to virtuous actions. Socrates left no written records; our understanding comes from his students, primarily Plato, who documented their dialogues and philosophical inquiries. His approach fundamentally shaped future philosophical thought.