Çatalhöyük

Çatalhöyük is an ancient settlement in modern-day Turkey, dating back to around 7500 BCE. It is one of the world’s first urban centers, characterized by closely packed mud-brick houses without streets, requiring residents to climb onto roofs to enter. This community showcased early agriculture, with evidence of crop cultivation and animal domestication. Archaeologists have uncovered rich wall paintings and artifacts, revealing insights into their spiritual life and social structure. Çatalhöyük provides critical understanding of early human civilization, urban development, and the transition from nomadic lifestyles to settled agriculture.