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Ancient Mesopotamian Civilization

Ancient Mesopotamia, often referred to as the "cradle of civilization," was located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in present-day Iraq. Around 3500 BCE, it saw the rise of the Sumerians, who developed early writing (cuneiform), complex cities, and advancements in mathematics and astronomy. Mesopotamia was home to several cultures, including the Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians, each contributing to art, law, and governance. The region's innovations laid the foundation for future civilizations, shaping aspects of culture, religion, and social organization that continue to influence the world today.

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    Ancient Mesopotamia, often called the "cradle of civilization," was a region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, in modern-day Iraq, around 3500 BCE. It was home to advanced cultures like the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians. These societies developed writing (cuneiform), established city-states, practiced agriculture, and built monumental structures like ziggurats. Innovations in law, trade, mathematics, and astronomy emerged, including the famous Code of Hammurabi. Mesopotamia's rich cultural legacy profoundly influenced subsequent civilizations and laid the groundwork for advancements in governance, literature, and science.