biofilms

Biofilms are communities of microorganisms, such as bacteria, that stick to surfaces, including natural environments and man-made structures. They form a slimy layer by producing substances that help them adhere to each other and their surroundings. Biofilms can be found in places like pipes, dental plaques, and natural water bodies. While they play important roles in ecosystems and can aid in processes like wastewater treatment, they can also cause problems, such as infections or blockages in medical devices and pipes. Understanding biofilms is important for both health and environmental management.