Ancient India

Ancient India was a cradle of civilization known for its rich cultural, spiritual, and intellectual contributions. It saw the rise of major religions like Hinduism and Buddhism. The Indus Valley Civilization (around 2500 BCE) showcased advanced urban planning and trade. The Vedic period introduced influential texts, the caste system, and philosophical thought. Ancient India also excelled in mathematics, astronomy, and medicine, with achievements such as the concept of zero. The Maurya and Gupta Empires further unified the region, fostering art, literature, and science, leaving a lasting legacy on the subcontinent and beyond.