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Thirty Years War

The Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) was a devastating conflict in Europe, primarily involving the Holy Roman Empire. It started as a struggle between Catholic and Protestant factions but evolved into a broader political battle involving major powers like France, Sweden, and Spain. The war caused widespread destruction and loss of life, reshaping European borders and power dynamics. The 1648 Peace of Westphalia, which ended the war, established principles of state sovereignty and religious tolerance, laying the groundwork for the modern nation-state system and altering the course of European history.

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  • Image for Thirty Years War

    The Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) was a devastating conflict in Europe, primarily fought in the Holy Roman Empire. It began as a struggle between Catholic and Protestant states but evolved into a broader power struggle involving major European powers, including France, Spain, and Sweden. The war caused immense destruction and loss of life, leading to significant social and economic changes. It ended with the Peace of Westphalia, which established principles of state sovereignty and religious toleration, reshaping the political landscape of Europe and paving the way for modern nation-states.