Peace of Westphalia

The Peace of Westphalia refers to a series of treaties signed in 1648 that ended the Thirty Years' War in Europe. This conflict involved various European powers and was characterized by widespread destruction and significant loss of life. The treaties established important principles of national sovereignty, recognizing the right of states to self-govern without external interference. This shift laid the groundwork for modern international relations and the nation-state system by promoting diplomacy and coexistence among nations, influencing how countries interact today.