The Westphalian model

The Westphalian model refers to a system of political sovereignty established by the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, which ended the Thirty Years' War in Europe. It emphasizes the idea that each state has control over its territory and government, free from outside interference. This model laid the groundwork for modern international relations, promoting the notion of nation-states as the primary actors in global politics. In essence, it recognizes national borders and the principle of non-intervention, shaping how countries interact with one another and assert their autonomy.