Scottish history
Scottish history is marked by its struggle for independence and cultural identity. Early tribes formed kingdoms like Dalriada and Picardy. In the 13th century, figures like William Wallace and Robert the Bruce led efforts against English rule, culminating in the Declaration of Arbroath (1320) asserting Scotland's sovereignty. The 1707 Act of Union merged Scotland and England into Great Britain, sparking resistance but also fostering a distinctive Scottish identity. The 20th and 21st centuries saw a resurgence of nationalism, culminating in the 2014 independence referendum, reflecting ongoing debates about Scotland's political and cultural future.
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Scottish history is marked by its distinct cultural identity, shaped by Celtic traditions. It includes the establishment of the Kingdom of Scotland around the 9th century, its fierce battles for independence against England, notably led by figures like William Wallace and Robert the Bruce. The unification with England in 1707 formed Great Britain, but Scotland retained its legal system and education. The 19th and 20th centuries saw industrial growth and a resurgence of Scottish nationalism. Today, Scotland has its own parliament and a strong national identity, balancing tradition and modernity while engaging in ongoing discussions about independence.