Oncogenes

Oncogenes are genes that, when mutated or abnormally activated, can promote the growth and division of cells uncontrollably, leading to cancer. Normally, they play a role in cell growth and development, but mutations can cause them to become overactive, effectively turning on "gas pedal" signals that push cells to multiply excessively. This uncontrolled cell growth can form tumors and spread, making oncogenes a key focus in cancer research and treatment. In essence, they are genetic elements that, when altered, contribute to the development of cancerous cells.