helium
Helium-3 is a rare isotope of helium that contains two protons and one neutron, unlike the more common helium-4 isotope, which has two neutrons. Helium-3 has potential applications in nuclear fusion, a process that could provide a clean and virtually limitless source of energy. It is lighter and creates less radioactive waste compared to traditional fusion fuels. Additionally, helium-3 is used in cryogenics, medical imaging, and as a neutron detector. While it can be found on Earth, it is also abundant on the Moon, making lunar exploration attractive for future energy resources.
Additional Insights
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Helium-4 is a stable isotope of helium, comprising two protons and two neutrons in its nucleus. It is the second lightest and most abundant element in the universe, primarily formed during nuclear fusion in stars and during the Big Bang. Helium-4 is a colorless, odorless gas at room temperature and is commonly known for filling balloons and used in cooling systems. Unlike its heavier isotope, helium-3, helium-4 is non-radioactive and doesn't pose health risks. It is also notable for its low boiling point, which allows it to exist as a liquid at very low temperatures, exhibiting unique properties like superfluidity.