Catalysis

Catalysis is a process where a substance, called a catalyst, speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed itself. It works by providing an alternative reaction pathway that requires less energy, making the reaction happen faster or more efficiently. Catalysts are essential in many industries, such as producing fuels, medicines, and plastics, because they enable reactions to occur under milder conditions and at a larger scale. Importantly, since they are not used up in the process, a small amount of catalyst can facilitate many reactions, improving efficiency and reducing costs.