Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a laboratory technique used to make millions of copies of a specific DNA segment. Imagine needing to study a photo, but you only have a blurry thumbnail; PCR amplifies that photo into a clear, large image. The process involves repeating cycles of heating and cooling, which separate the DNA strands and then allow enzymes to add new DNA building blocks. This technique is essential in various fields, including medicine for disease diagnosis, forensic science for crime scene analysis, and research for studying genes. It enables detailed examination of genetic material from very small samples.