in vitro assays

In vitro assays are laboratory tests conducted in controlled environments outside of living organisms, such as in test tubes or petri dishes. They are used to study biological processes, drug effectiveness, and cellular responses in a simplified setting. By isolating specific cells or tissues, researchers can better understand how different substances interact without the complexities of a whole organism. These assays are crucial in drug development and biological research, as they allow scientists to gather data efficiently and safely before moving to more complex studies involving living organisms.