Permafrost

Permafrost is a layer of permanently frozen ground found primarily in polar regions and high altitudes. It remains at or below 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit) for at least two consecutive years. This frozen layer can support ecosystems and is critical for local wildlife. However, permafrost is vulnerable to climate change; as temperatures rise, it thaws, releasing greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane, which can further accelerate global warming. Understanding permafrost is crucial for predicting environmental changes and managing infrastructure in affected areas.