northern latitude ecosystems

Northern latitude ecosystems, found in regions like the Arctic and subarctic, are characterized by cold climates, short growing seasons, and unique flora and fauna. Boreal forests, or taigas, dominate these areas, featuring coniferous trees like pines and spruces, which thrive in nutrient-poor soils. Tundra ecosystems, with their permafrost, support hardy plants like mosses and lichens. These ecosystems are adapted to extreme conditions, with wildlife such as reindeer, arctic foxes, and migratory birds. Despite their harsh environments, they play crucial roles in global climate regulation and biodiversity. Climate change poses significant threats to these delicate ecosystems.