Siberian tundra

The Siberian tundra is a unique ecosystem found in the northern parts of Siberia, Russia. It is characterized by its cold climate, permafrost (a permanently frozen layer of soil), and short growing seasons. Vegetation is limited primarily to low shrubs, mosses, lichens, and hardy grasses that can survive extreme temperatures. Wildlife includes animals such as reindeer, arctic foxes, and various migratory birds. The tundra plays a critical role in regulating the global climate and is sensitive to climate change, making it an important area for ecological and environmental studies.