ischemia-reperfusion injury

Ischemia-reperfusion injury occurs when blood flow to an area of the body, such as a heart or limb, is temporarily reduced or cut off (ischemia), often due to a blockage. When blood flow is restored (reperfusion), it can cause further damage to the tissue. This happens because the sudden return of blood introduces extra oxygen and nutrients that can trigger inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to cell injury. This type of injury is a concern in various medical situations, including heart attacks and surgeries, where blood supply is interrupted and then restored.