reactive oxygen species

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are molecules containing oxygen that are naturally produced in the body during processes like energy production in cells. They can help fight infections and signal important body functions. However, when produced in excess, ROS can damage cell components such as DNA, proteins, and cell membranes, contributing to aging and various diseases. The body maintains a balance by using antioxidants—special molecules that neutralize excess ROS—keeping these reactive molecules in check. Proper regulation of ROS is essential for health, supporting necessary functions without causing harm.