Reactive oxygen species (ROS)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules that contain oxygen. They are natural byproducts of cellular processes, like metabolism and energy production. While ROS play essential roles in cell signaling and immune responses, excessive amounts can cause damage to cells and tissues, leading to aging and various diseases, including cancer. The body has protective mechanisms, such as antioxidants, to neutralize these harmful species. A balance between ROS production and elimination is crucial for maintaining health.