India-Pakistan relations

India-Pakistan relations are complex and marked by historical conflicts, primarily stemming from their shared history as part of British India. Since gaining independence in 1947, the two countries have fought several wars, mainly over the disputed region of Kashmir. Both nations have different national identities and political systems, with India being secular and democratic, while Pakistan is an Islamic republic. This has fueled tension, leading to military standoffs, terrorism, and diplomatic strains. Efforts for peace have been intermittent, and issues such as border security and cultural exchanges remain sensitive topics in their bilateral relations.