Communist Party of Afghanistan

The Communist Party of Afghanistan, officially formed in the 1960s, sought to establish a socialist state based on Marxist-Leninist principles. It gained prominence during the 1970s and played a central role in the 1978 Saur Revolution, which overthrew the monarchy and established a communist government. This led to significant social and economic reforms but also sparked a violent backlash from various factions, including Islamist groups. The ensuing civil conflict culminated in the Soviet invasion in 1979, which lasted until the late 1980s. Eventually, the party lost power in the early 1990s following the Soviet withdrawal.