Scramble for Africa

The Scramble for Africa refers to the rapid invasion, colonization, and division of African territory by European powers during the late 19th century, particularly between 1881 and 1914. Motivated by economic interests, national competition, and the desire for resources, countries like Britain, France, Germany, and Belgium partitioned the continent with little regard for indigenous cultures or existing political structures. This led to significant political, social, and economic upheaval in Africa, the impacts of which are still felt today, contributing to conflicts and challenges in post-colonial nations. The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 formalized this scramble among European nations.