Roman Expansion

Roman expansion refers to the process by which the ancient Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire extended their territories and influence across Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia. This expansion occurred through military conquest, colonization, and diplomatic alliances. Key factors included a strong army, strategic infrastructure like roads, and economic integration. Major conflicts, such as the Punic Wars against Carthage, significantly shaped Rome's growth. By the 2nd century AD, Rome had unified a vast region under its control, sharing culture, governance, and trade, which deeply impacted the history of Europe and the Mediterranean.