Hellenistic phalanx

The Hellenistic phalanx was a military formation used by ancient Greek armies, particularly after the time of Alexander the Great. It consisted of a tightly packed group of soldiers, known as hoplites, arranged in rows, usually eight ranks deep. Each soldier carried a long spear called a sarissa and a shield, providing both offensive and defensive capabilities. The tight formation allowed for coordinated movement and strength in numbers, making it effective in battles. This strategy evolved during the Hellenistic period as armies adapted to new tactics and technologies, influencing warfare for centuries to come.