Carthaginian Warfare

Carthaginian warfare, prominent from the 9th to 2nd centuries BCE, was characterized by a strong naval power and diverse military. The Carthaginians, a Phoenician city-state in North Africa, relied on skilled mercenaries and a formidable navy to control trade routes and territories. They employed tactics that combined infantry, cavalry, and war elephants, allowing flexibility in battles. Notably, during the Punic Wars against Rome, commanders like Hannibal showcased innovative strategies, such as crossing the Alps with elephants. Their focus on commerce and expansion often led to conflicts, ultimately culminating in their defeat by Rome, which reshaped the ancient world.