Avicenna (Ibn Sina)

Avicenna, or Ibn Sina, was a Persian philosopher and physician who profoundly influenced Islamic and Western thought. In philosophical theology, he argued for the existence of God through reason, proposing that everything in existence relies on a necessary being—God—who is uncaused. He explored divine attributes, asserting God's simplicity and perfection, emphasizing that God is the source of all existence. His work bridged faith and reason, framing ethics in terms of virtue and the pursuit of knowledge, influencing future philosophical discourse on the relationship between religion and morality.