Vacuum Energy

Vacuum energy is a concept from quantum physics that suggests even empty space, or a vacuum, is not truly empty. Instead, it is filled with fleeting energy fluctuations due to virtual particles constantly popping in and out of existence. This energy is thought to contribute to the universe's expansion and plays a role in theories about dark energy. Although these fluctuations are incredibly small and difficult to detect, they imply that the universe is more dynamic and complex than it appears, challenging our understanding of space and energy.