Tudor and Stuart periods

The Tudor period (1485-1603) followed the Wars of the Roses, marked by the reigns of Henry VII, Henry VIII, Mary I, and Elizabeth I. It saw the establishment of the Church of England and significant cultural advancements, including the flourishing of drama and literature, exemplified by Shakespeare. The Stuart period (1603-1714) began with the union of the crowns under James I and included events like the English Civil War and the Restoration of the monarchy. This era was characterized by political struggles, scientific discoveries, and the expansion of colonialism, laying the groundwork for modern Britain.