Tetrahedral carbon

Tetrahedral carbon refers to the arrangement of four bonds around a carbon atom, making a shape like a pyramid with a triangular base. This occurs because carbon has four electrons in its outer shell, allowing it to form four strong covalent bonds with other atoms. In this shape, the bonds are oriented at angles of about 109.5 degrees, helping to create complex molecular structures. This tetrahedral geometry is fundamental in organic chemistry, as it determines the shape and reactivity of many organic compounds, influencing properties such as stability and the way molecules interact with each other.