Graphite

Graphite is a form of carbon where atoms are arranged in layers of hexagonal patterns, giving it a soft, flaky texture. It’s a good conductor of electricity and heat, which makes it useful in batteries, lubricants, and pencils. Unlike diamond, another carbon form, graphite is opaque and dark gray. Its layered structure allows layers to slide over each other easily, providing its lubricating properties. Graphite occurs naturally and can also be manufactured for various industrial applications, including electronics, refractory materials, and as a moderator in nuclear reactors.