Allotropes of Carbon

Allotropes of carbon are different forms in which carbon atoms can arrange themselves, resulting in unique properties. The most common allotropes include diamond, where atoms are tightly bonded in a three-dimensional network, making it extremely hard and transparent. Graphite consists of layers of carbon atoms arranged in flat sheets that can slide over each other, making it soft and opaque. Fullerenes are spherical or tubular structures, such as buckyballs and nanotubes, known for strength and excellent conductivity. These variations highlight carbon’s versatility, with each allotrope suited to different applications based on its structure.