People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA)

The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) was a political party founded in the 1960s, promoting Marxist-Leninist principles. It gained power after a coup in 1978, which led to significant social reforms but also sparked opposition. The PDPA's attempts to modernize Afghanistan and implement radical changes, including land redistribution and women's rights, faced resistance, leading to conflict and the Soviet invasion in 1979. The party ruled during a turbulent period marked by civil war and foreign intervention, ultimately losing power in the early 1990s as Afghanistan descended into further chaos.