Modern Iraq History

Modern Iraq's history is marked by its post-Ottoman transformation, gaining independence in 1932. Following a monarchy and several coups, Saddam Hussein rose to power in 1979, leading to a brutal dictatorship. He initiated the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) and the invasion of Kuwait in 1990, resulting in international sanctions. The 2003 U.S.-led invasion toppled Saddam, causing a power vacuum and civil strife. This instability fostered the rise of extremist groups like ISIS. Today, Iraq struggles with sectarian divisions, rebuilding its economy, and asserting national identity amidst regional and global influences.