Ionic compounds
Ionic compounds are substances formed when atoms transfer electrons between each other, typically between metals and nonmetals. This process creates charged particles called ions: positively charged cations and negatively charged anions. The opposite charges attract each other, resulting in a strong bond. Common examples include table salt (sodium chloride) and magnesium oxide. Ionic compounds usually have high melting and boiling points, and they can conduct electricity when dissolved in water or melted. Their structured arrangement in a crystal lattice gives them distinct physical properties, making them important in various chemical and industrial applications.
Additional Insights
-
Ionic compounds are substances formed when atoms transfer electrons, leading to the creation of charged particles called ions. Typically, this occurs between metals and nonmetals. For instance, when sodium (a metal) reacts with chlorine (a nonmetal), sodium loses an electron to become positive, while chlorine gains it, becoming negative. These oppositely charged ions attract each other, resulting in a stable compound, like table salt (sodium chloride). Ionic compounds generally have high melting points and conduct electricity when dissolved in water, making them vital in various applications, from culinary uses to manufacturing and batteries.