Cation

A cation is a type of ion that has a positive electrical charge. This occurs when an atom or molecule loses one or more electrons, which are negatively charged particles. As a result, the atom or molecule has more protons (positively charged particles in the nucleus) than electrons, giving it a net positive charge. Cations are common in chemistry and biology, playing essential roles in processes like nerve signaling, muscle contraction, and the formation of salts. For example, sodium ions (Na⁺) are cations that are vital for transmitting nerve impulses in the body.