Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the body's immune system, specifically targeting CD4 cells, which help fight infections. If left untreated, it can lead to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), where the immune system becomes severely weakened, making the body vulnerable to infections and certain cancers. HIV is primarily spread through unprotected sex, sharing needles, or from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. Treatment with antiretroviral therapy (ART) can manage the virus, allowing individuals to live long, healthy lives and reducing the risk of transmission to others.