Fermi gas

A Fermi gas is a collection of fermions, which are particles like electrons, that follow the laws of quantum mechanics. In simple terms, it's a way to describe how these particles behave at very low temperatures or in confined spaces. Unlike classical gases, Fermi gases obey the Pauli exclusion principle, meaning no two identical fermions can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously. This leads to unique behaviors, including high levels of pressure and specific heat properties. Fermi gases are important in understanding phenomena in materials like metals, superconductors, and even neutron stars.