Fermi energy

Fermi Energy is a concept used in physics to describe the highest energy level that electrons can occupy at absolute zero temperature in a solid material, such as metals or semiconductors. It represents the energy state at which electrons fill up all available levels according to the Pauli exclusion principle. Above this energy, electrons are typically unoccupied. The Fermi Energy is crucial for understanding the electrical, thermal, and optical properties of materials, influencing how they conduct electricity and respond to heat and light. It effectively helps us understand the behavior of electrons in different substances.