Ideal Fermi gas

An ideal Fermi gas is a theoretical model in physics that describes a collection of particles called fermions—like electrons—that follow the Pauli exclusion principle, meaning no two can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously. These particles do not interact with each other except through quantum rules. The model helps scientists understand the behavior of systems such as electrons in metals or neutron stars, especially at very low temperatures. It provides insights into how particles distribute themselves among energy levels and how properties like pressure and energy arise in such quantum systems.