Deci & Ryan (Self-Determination Theory)

Self-Determination Theory (SDT), developed by Edward Deci and Richard Ryan, is a framework for understanding human motivation. It posits that people are most motivated and engaged when three basic psychological needs are met: autonomy (the desire to control one's own actions), competence (the need to feel effective and capable), and relatedness (the need to connect with others). When these needs are satisfied, individuals experience optimal growth, well-being, and motivation. Conversely, when these needs are thwarted, motivation can decrease, leading to stress and dissatisfaction. SDT emphasizes the importance of supportive environments for fostering motivation and personal development.