Critical Realism
Critical Realism is a philosophical approach that combines elements of realism and constructivism. It acknowledges that there is a reality independent of our perceptions, yet recognizes that our understanding of that reality is shaped by social, cultural, and historical contexts. Unlike scientific realism, which asserts that science can fully uncover this reality, critical realism suggests that knowledge is always partial and constructed. It contrasts with anti-realism and relativism by asserting that, while our interpretations may vary, they can still engage with underlying truths about the world that exist beyond individual perspectives.
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Critical realism is a philosophical approach that acknowledges the existence of an objective reality while recognizing that our understanding of this reality is shaped by social, cultural, and historical contexts. It asserts that while we can know aspects of the world through observation and experience, our perceptions are influenced by subjective interpretations. Critical realism encourages us to explore deeper structures and mechanisms that underlie observable phenomena, promoting a more nuanced understanding of issues rather than accepting surface-level explanations. This perspective is often used in social sciences to analyze complex systems and the interplay between different factors shaping our experiences.