Centromere

A centromere is a specific region on a chromosome that plays a key role during cell division. It acts like a hub where the chromosome can be pulled apart into two identical halves, known as sister chromatids. This ensures that each new cell receives the correct number of chromosomes. The centromere is usually positioned in the middle, creating a characteristic "X" shape during cell division. It contains specialized DNA that helps anchor proteins, which are crucial for the proper movement and separation of chromosomes, ensuring the stability and integrity of genetic information across generations.