Genome Organization

Genome organization refers to how genetic material is structured within living organisms. In humans and many other organisms, DNA is organized into chromosomes, which are thread-like structures containing genes—units that encode information for traits and functions. Each cell typically contains a complete set of chromosomes, with humans having 23 pairs. The organization of the genome helps regulate gene expression and DNA replication, ensuring that the information is accessible when needed. This organization is crucial for development, maintaining health, and responding to environmental changes. Understanding this organization aids in fields like genetics, medicine, and evolutionary biology.