Thyroid Hormone Synthesis and Secretion

Thyroid hormone synthesis begins in the thyroid gland, which uses iodine from food. Special cells called follicular cells produce a protein called thyroglobulin, which stores thyroid hormones. When the body needs hormones, the gland releases a hormone called TSH from the pituitary gland, prompting the release of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones then enter the bloodstream, where they help regulate metabolism, energy use, and overall growth and development. Proper thyroid function is crucial for maintaining health and balance in the body's systems.