SU(2) × U(1)

SU(2)×U(1) refers to a mathematical framework used in physics, particularly in the Standard Model of particle physics. SU(2) represents a symmetry related to the weak nuclear force, while U(1) corresponds to electromagnetism. Together, they describe how particles, such as electrons and quarks, interact through these fundamental forces. This combination helps to understand phenomena like how particles gain mass and how they behave in various interactions, unifying different forces in a coherent theoretical structure. Essentially, it's about understanding the symmetries that govern the behavior of matter and forces in the universe.