Bosons

Bosons are fundamental particles in physics that act as force carriers, mediating interactions like electricity, magnetism, and nuclear forces. Unlike particles called fermions, which make up matter (like electrons and quarks), bosons have integer spin values (0, 1, or 2). Examples include photons (light), W and Z bosons (weak force), gluons (strong force), and the Higgs boson (mass-giving particle). They can occupy the same quantum state at once, allowing for phenomena such as laser light and superconductivity. Bosons play a key role in how particles interact and form the universe's structure.